skunkbush sumac
Anacardiaceae

skunkbush sumac

Rhus trilobata Nutt.

Indigenous Names: čháŋ uŋkčémna, Ho a to o nuts, Ho?atoono?estse, Datsipv, Dtie-ai-pa-yee-‘go T’a’npe-a’, Awdl-kno-bawg
Habitat: Grows along streams on the plains and foothills; Alberta, Canada to New Mexico; Upland prairies and openings of woods; dry slopes, plains and foothills; southern British Columbia to New Mexico; Western species found from Canada south to Mexico Plants Parts Harvested: Berries; Western species found from Canada south to Mexico Plants Parts Harvested: Leaves; Hillsides, limestone cliffs, borders of woods, often is sandy soils. It is found from South Dakota to western Texas Plants Parts Harvested: Plant parts; Hillsides, limestone cliffs, borders of woods, often is sandy soils. It is found from South Dakota to western Texas Plants Parts Harvested: Fruit or Berry; Hillsides, limestone cliffs, borders of woods, often is sandy soils. It is found from South Dakota to western Texas Plants Parts Harvested: Fruit
Seasonality: Not given
Status: Native

Traditional Food Use

Lakota

The fruits are eaten raw or dried for later.

Kiowa

Berries are beaten with sugar and eaten

Kiowa

Berries boiled into a "tea"

Kiowa

Berries mixed with corn meal and eaten

Kiowa

Fruit eaten raw. Fruit made into jelly

Medicinal Documentation

Lakota

A poultice of the root bark

Cheyenne

The leaves can be boiled to make a diuretic tea, and the fruits eaten to relieve the pain of a toothache.

Cheyenne

Leaves used in a medicine to deal with bleeding, the preparation of which is unknown

Cheyenne

Used as a cold remedy

Cheyenne

Used as a hemostat

Cheyenne

Used as a reproductive aid

Comanche

Bark chewed and juice swallowed for colds.

Kiowa

Berries eaten for stomach trouble and grippe

Kiowa

Poultice of plant parts applied to snakebites after sucking poison from the wound.

Ceremonial & Cultural Notes

Cheyenne

Used for smoking Additional commentary: The dried leaves are mixed with tobacco for use in smoking; the berries are not used. If the Indians were out of tobacco, they often mixed this plant with larbe and red-willow bark and this made a useful smoking mixture. These leaves are used in a variety of ways. They can be dried and mixed with tobacco in a smoking blend, or when tobacco is not available, they can be mixed with Arctostaphylos uva ursi and the inner bark of Cornus stolonifera.

Cheyenne

This plant also plays a role in several horse medicines. The berries would be rubbed in four directions on a horse having trouble urinating, or to prevent racing horses from getting tired. Also in racing, it was thought to make weary a horse positioned ahead

Cheyenne

This plant was used to protect the hands in retrieving dog meat from a boiling pot of water in various ceremonies

Botanical Reference

Parts Documented: root, fruit_or_berry, bark, berries, leaves, plant

Distribution: Grows along streams on the plains and foothills; Alberta, Canada to New Mexico