plains pricklypear
Cactaceae

plains pricklypear

Opuntia polyacantha Haw.

Indigenous Names: Crow (Apsáalooke) documented use, tȟašpú, Kiowa (documented ethnobotanical use), Comanche (documented ethnobotanical use), Apache (documented ethnobotanical use), Mah-ta’-o-munst
Habitat: prairie; plains; Prairies, rocky areas, especially in dry soils; open ground; plains to foothills; Alberta, Canada to New Mexico
Seasonality: summer
Status: Native

Traditional Food Use

Lakota

Orobanche clustered This plant is edible raw or cooked. | Crow: Fruits eaten fresh or dried; pads cooked. | Kiowa: Fruits eaten fresh; pads cooked. | Comanche: Fruits and pads eaten after spine removal. | Apache: Fruits eaten fresh or dried; pads cooked.

Cheyenne

Pulp dried and used to thicken soups and stews Additional commentary: Women prepared the fruits by sweeping piles of them with sagebrush branches to remove the spines. The remaining spines are picked off by hand protected by deerskin tips. The prepared fruit was then split, cleaned of seeds, and sun dried.500

Cheyenne

Fruits dried and used as a winter food. Fruits also eaten raw Additional commentary: The gathering of prickly pears was one of the Southern Cheyenne women’s important duties.502

Cheyenne

Used for water Additional commentary: Cheyenne warriors would use prickly pears for water during raiding expeditions.504

Medicinal Documentation

Lakota

A poultice of the root is used to treat | Crow: Poultice of pads used for wounds. | Kiowa: Pads used as poultice for wounds. | Comanche: Poultice for wounds and swelling. | Apache: Poultice for wounds and inflammation.

Botanical Reference

Parts Documented: root, fruit_or_berry, stem, fruits, pulp

Safety Notes: Spines must be removed before eating.

Distribution: Native Plains species; documented Crow use; Prairies, rocky areas, especially in dry soils; open ground; plains to foothills; Alberta, Canada to New Mexico