peyote
Cactaceae

peyote

Lophophora williamsii (Lem. ex Salm-Dyck) J.M. Coult. var. echinata (Croizat) H. Bravo

Indigenous Names: Ho’yo:x (Meaning: “Peyote”), Seni Sen-gaw, Ai-pee-o-pa
Habitat: Found in dry sandy soils along the Rio Grande watershed in Texas and Mexico and in scattered locations as far south as Hidalgo, Mexico 171; Found in dry sandy soils along the Rio Grande watershed in Texas and Mexico and in scattered locations as far south as Hidalgo, Mexico; Found in dry sandy soils along the Rio Grande watershed in; Found in dry sandy soils along the Rio Grande watershed in Texas and Mexico and in scattered locations as far south as Hildalgo, Mexico Plants Parts Harvested: Plant; Found in dry sandy soils along the Rio Grande watershed in Texas and Mexico and in scattered locations as far south as Hildalgo, Mexico Plants Parts Harvested: Poultice; Found in dry sandy soils along the Rio Grande watershed in Texas and Mexico and in scattered locations as far south as Hildalgo, Mexico Plants Parts Harvested: Peyote button; Various eco-niches depending on conditions Plants Parts Harvested: Whole plant; Found in moist locations Plants Parts Harvested: Spores
Seasonality: Not given
Status: Native

Traditional Food Use

Kiowa

Puffballs are baked and used as food

Medicinal Documentation

Cheyenne

Peyote is used in personal, not tribal, healing ceremonies, most frequently, and quite effectively to deal with alcoholism and other aliments Additional commentary: The peyote cactus is indigenous to northeast Mexico and south Texas, from just north of San Luis Potosi, to just north of the Rio Grande River, from Jimenez in the west, almost to the Gulf of Mexico. It grows either in clusters, or singly, but close to the ground in either case, and from a long taproot. The whole plant need not be killed in harvesting, as several “buttons” can be cut from it and over time others will grow from the remaining plant. The “buttons” are the tops of the cactus; after being cut from the base, they are dried and eaten for their hallucinogenic, or entheogenic properties. Both the cactus and the peyote religion were brought to the Northern Cheyenne from Leonard Tyler, a Southern Cheyenne, around 1889. Entheogenic use of peyote spread north to what was becoming Oklahoma during the latter half of the nineteenth century.

Kiowa

Poultice of plants applied for rheumatic pains

Kiowa

Decoction of plants taken for colds

Kiowa

Poultice of plants applied for cuts and bruises

Kiowa

Decoction of plants taken for fevers

Kiowa

Decoction of plants taken for intestinal ills

Kiowa

Decoction of plants taken for grippe and scarlet fever.

Kiowa

Plant used as a narcotic.

Kiowa

Poultice of plants applied for bruises.

Kiowa

Decoction of plants taken as a panacea.

Kiowa

Decoction of plants taken for pneumonia and scarlet fever

Kiowa

Decoction of plants taken for tuberculosis

Kiowa

Decoction of plants taken for venereal disease.

Kiowa

The button is partially masticated and packed around an aching tooth Dried spores are moistened and applied to sores and scratches.

Ceremonial & Cultural Notes

Arapaho

Spiritual/Religious: Used for peyote ceremonies as a sacrament

Cheyenne

Used as a sacrament for prayer

Ute

Used as a religious sacrament

Botanical Reference

Parts Documented: Button, cactus_button, Plant

Distribution: Found in dry sandy soils along the Rio Grande watershed in Texas and Mexico and in scattered locations as far south as Hidalgo, Mexico